This page interprets the implicit logic behind the drive, or impulse, to come forward. The question now could be: how has Indonesia become assertive on the global stage of scholarly production? Does that mean a new dawn, an era in which discourse no longer has its tone set by the WEIRDs?
WEIRD: Western, educated, industrialized, rich and democratic societies.
Of the — journals analyzed, the median journal receives —% of its citations from Indonesian venues. Only —% comes from the Global South outside Indonesia.
Scopus-indexed law journals from Indonesia in SCImago's 2025 Law list (open access by self-description). Citing documents are from each journal's latest Scopus CiteScore window.
Data snapshot: Scopus and SCImago data retrieved 15 November 2026. IJICL, which hosts this page, is one of the 87 journals in the list; it is not among the journals analyzed because it is outside the open-access scope.
One way: what the journals cite, and who cites them
About this page
- What it is
- A map of who cites whom in law, seen from Indonesia. It starts from the 87 Indonesian journals in SCImago's 2025 Law list and follows their citations, in both directions, out to journals in Indonesia and abroad, using Scopus's own records.
Read more: goal, purpose, why Indonesia, why Scopus
- Goal
- An attempt to make sense of an overlooked side of the globalization of law, whether it is happening at all. It shows the citation surface of these journals as it appears in the data: where their citations come from, where their references go, and how the journals connect to each other and to journals abroad.
- Purpose
- It is the data companion to a study of Scopus-indexed law journals in Indonesia. It lets readers check each figure in the study, see how it was computed, and look up any single journal.
- Why this reading matters
- Law has long travelled with the people who write about it: judges and scholars carry their books and habits with them. If legal scholarship is a dialogue in which everyone may take part on an equal footing, citations are one place where we can check whether it is. Studies of international criminal courts have found that they cite Western law far more than the law of the countries whose cases they hear. This page asks the same question of scholarship: now that Indonesian law journals sit in the global index, does the conversation run both ways?
- Why Indonesia
- Indonesia is here more a starting point to understand a much bigger happening. Indonesia has 87 law journals in SCImago's 2025 Law list, 22 of them in the top tier (Q1). Since 2026, Indonesia's rules for promoting lecturers define a "reputable international journal" as one indexed in Scopus with an SJR above 0.1, and the national publication incentive pays only for articles in Q1 and Q2 journals. Indonesia is therefore a place where law scholarship has entered the Scopus system quickly and at scale. That makes it a good place to ask whether being indexed internationally also means being read and cited internationally.
- Why Scopus
- Scopus is the database that the measures above rely on. THE draws about 40% of its world university ranking from Scopus data (Elsevier's figure), QS uses it for 25% (citations per faculty and international research network), and SCImago's journal quartiles (Q1–Q4) are computed from it. Scopus also records, for each citation, who cites and who is cited, so both directions can be traced. Both rankings once used Clarivate's Web of Science (then Thomson Reuters) and moved to Scopus: QS after 2007, THE in 2015. THE gave as its reason “Scopus’ wider reach”, meaning more journals and more papers in languages other than English. Its coverage is not all of legal scholarship: books, national journals outside Scopus and laws are only partly visible.
- Web of Science, for comparison
- Web of Science, the older of the two indexes, is used here only as a second point of reference, to put the Scopus figures in context. The analysis itself rests on Scopus, because it is the index that the rankings and Indonesia's own rules count.
- Rationale
- This overlooked side is also important, for the globalization of law is carried by scholarly communication or exchange. This is a phenomenon that most, if not all, scholarly work takes for granted. Rankings, promotion rules and funding in Indonesia lean on Scopus numbers, but the numbers alone do not say who is doing the citing. Laying out both directions of citation makes that visible. The page describes patterns; it does not judge any journal or explain why the patterns exist.
Start here: the short version
A citation is one article mentioning another in its references. This page counts those mentions for 85 Indonesian law journals in both directions: the citations they receive and the references they give. Each dot below stands for 1 out of every 100 citations.
Who cites these journals?
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What subjects do they cite, and who cites them back?
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Do the well-known university-press journals cite them back?
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Within the group, who gives and who receives?
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How to use the rest of the page
- Each chart below starts with two lines: Answers (the question it answers) and How to read (what the bars or dots mean).
- Point at or tap any bar, dot or circle to see its exact number.
- Longer bars mean more. Bars that are colored point to Indonesia; gray bars point elsewhere.
- The network map shows which journals cite each other. Tap a journal to see its closest partners.
- The formulas at the bottom say exactly how each number is computed.
Words used on this page
- Citing row
- One document, found in Scopus, that cites one of the listed journals.
- Reference
- One item in the reference list of an article published by a listed journal.
- Quartile (Q1–Q4)
- SCImago's ranking tier. Q1 is the top quarter of all law journals in Scopus, Q4 the bottom quarter.
- Median
- The middle journal when all journals are lined up from lowest to highest.
- Net giver / net receiver
- A journal that sends more citations to the group than it gets back, or the reverse.
- Self-citation
- A journal's articles citing articles in the same journal.
How the rules came to point at Scopus
World rankings and databases (top row) and Indonesian rules and money (rows below), 1998–2026. Point at or tap a dot for details and the source.
How to read this
- Answers
- When did rankings start to rely on Scopus, and when did Indonesian rules start to reward Scopus publication?
- How to read
- Each dot is one rule, programme or launch, placed in its year. Labeled dots are the main turning points. The list under the chart gives every item in plain words, newest first. Filter it by row with the menu.
When the journals entered Scopus
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How to read this
- Answers
- Did Indonesian law journals enter Scopus gradually, or in a rush that follows the rules in the timeline above?
- How to read
- Each bar is the number of today's 87 journals whose Scopus coverage starts in that year; the darker part is journals of state Islamic universities (PTKIN). Dashed lines mark SINTA's launch (2017) and the 2019 promotion points. Coverage can start a little before a journal was accepted, and journals that later left Scopus are not counted.
Each dot is a journal, placed in the year its Scopus coverage began; filled dots are journals of state Islamic universities (PTKIN). Pins mark Indonesian rules and incentives tied to Scopus.
Why Indonesia, and not others?
Many countries pay or promote scholars for indexed publications, yet few have produced law journals of their own in Scopus. Indonesia appears to combine two things the others mostly do not. Its rules reward a Scopus article at any quartile, so a new journal counts from its first indexed issue, and ministries and universities pay journals to get into Scopus. Only 9 of the 87 journals were in Scopus before 2019; 56 entered in 2019–2021, one to two years after lecturers' allowances were tied to publishing (2017–2018). Where rules reward only Web of Science or high impact (China until 2020, Türkiye), or where a national list gives domestic law journals career value without Scopus (China's Chinese-language list, India, Iran), few law journals entered Scopus. Where Scopus status sets a journal's national rank (Ukraine, Colombia, Brazil), many did. These are readings of timing and rules, not proof of cause.
How to read this
- Answers
- Why did Indonesia, and not other countries with similar publication incentives, produce so many Scopus law journals?
- How to read
- Each row is one country: its number of law journals in SCImago 2025, what its rules reward, and whether home journals get help to enter Scopus.
- Keep in mind
- Each linked phrase in the table opens its source (regulation, agency page or study), read on 15 November 2026. Malaysia's quartile rules and Iran's promotion rules were not verified. Scopus "first year of coverage" can be earlier than the year a journal was accepted, and journals later dropped are not in the 2025 list. No country here was tested as a formal comparison group.
Indonesia among the world's law journals
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- Answers
- How does Indonesia's place in the index compare with other countries, rich and emerging?
- How to read
- Each bar is the number of journals a country has in SCImago's 2025 Law list (countries with two or more); the solid part is journals in the top quartile (Q1). Indonesia is in rust. Hover a bar for the quartile breakdown.
- Keep in mind
- SCImago files a journal under its publisher's country. Journals run from one country but published by a UK, Dutch or US press count for the publisher's country, which is why the United Kingdom, the Netherlands and the United States sit so high and Australia so low.
Each square is one law journal in SCImago’s 2025 list, coloured by quartile; the ten countries with the most. SCImago assigns each journal to its publisher’s country. The UK count is still missing and would sit near the top.
How the 87 journals rank
SCImago quartile within the Law category, 2025. Hover a bar for the count.
How to read this
- Answers
- How many of the listed journals sit in each SCImago tier?
- How to read
- Bar length is the number of journals. Q1 is the top quarter of all Scopus law journals worldwide, Q4 the bottom quarter.
Where the citations come from
Share of all citing rows, by the venue that cites. Hover a bar for the count.
How to read this
- Answers
- Who cites Indonesian law journals? Is the readership mostly at home or abroad?
- How to read
- Each bar is a group of citing venues; its length is that group's share of all citing rows. The colored bars are Indonesian venues; gray bars are venues outside Indonesia.
What the listed journals cite
All references in the 7,046 documents the 87 journals published in 2022–2025, grouped by the kind of work cited. Hover a bar for the count.
How to read this
- Answers
- When the listed journals cite, how much goes to each other, to other Indonesian venues, and to work published abroad?
- How to read
- Bar length is the share of all references. The colored bars point inside Indonesia; the gray bars point elsewhere or could not be placed. Read it beside “Where the citations come from”, which shows the incoming side.
Western university presses and distant fields
Globalization here is a one-way street. The listed journals cite journals of Western university presses 6,868 times and are cited back by them 13 times; for the major Western commercial publishers the count is 37,885 against 527. About 113,000 of their references point to periodicals outside Indonesia, while only about one citation in ten that they receive comes from abroad, and that share is not growing (see “Is the share of citations from abroad growing?”).
Every cited and citing journal is matched to Scopus's own source list (October 2026), which gives its publisher and subject areas. In each pair, the upper bar is what the listed journals cite and the lower bar is who cites them. Shares leave out the citations that could not be matched to a Scopus journal (hover for the counts).
How to read this
- Answers
- Do the listed journals read and get read by journals from Oxford, Cambridge, Chicago, Johns Hopkins and other Western university presses, and how often do they reach into, or get cited from, fields far from law?
- How to read
- Compare the two bars in each pair. A long upper bar with a short lower bar means the listed journals cite that kind of journal often but are rarely cited back by it.
By publisher
By subject of the journal
| Journal | Publisher | Citations | Listed journals involved |
|---|
Net receivers and net givers inside the list
Each bar is one journal: citations it receives from the other listed journals minus citations it gives to them. Above the line = net receiver; below = net giver. Hover for the details.
How to read this
- Answers
- Inside the list, which journals take in more citations than they send out, and which send out more than they take in?
- How to read
- Bars to the right of the zero line are net receivers; bars to the left are net givers. The longer the bar, the larger the gap. Use the quartile menu to compare tiers.
Given against received
Each dot is a journal. Dots above the dashed line receive more than they give. The quartile filter above applies here too.
How to read this
- Answers
- Is exchange between the listed journals balanced, and does a journal's size hide its imbalance?
- How to read
- A dot on the dashed line gives as much as it receives. Above the line it receives more; below, it gives more. Distance from the line is the size of the imbalance; distance from the corner is the volume of exchange.
The Global South outside Indonesia, by country
The 686 citing rows from Global South venues outside Indonesia. One Malaysian journal gives 125 of them.
How to read this
- Answers
- When citations come from the Global South outside Indonesia, which countries are they from?
- How to read
- Bar length is the number of citing rows from venues based in that country or region.
The citation network
Each circle is a listed journal, sized by the citations it receives and colored by quartile. Gray diamonds are connecting journals: venues outside the list that both cite the listed journals and are cited by them (at least 10 times each way). Gray squares, when switched on, are whole groups of outside venues. A line joins two venues when one cites the other.
How to read this
- Answers
- Which journals cite one another most, which form tight clusters, and which outside journals trade citations with the list in both directions?
- How to read
- Journals that exchange many citations are pulled close together, so clusters show groups that cite each other heavily. A diamond close to a cluster trades citations mostly with that cluster. Thicker lines carry more citations. Click a circle, diamond or square to highlight its links and list its main partners; click empty space to clear. Raise the threshold to keep only the heavier links.
Is the share of citations from abroad growing?
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How to read this
- Answers
- Over the last few years, has more of the citing come from outside Indonesia?
- How to read
- The year is the end of each Scopus CiteScore window. The gray line uses every journal with data that year, so early years rest on few journals (the number is under each point). The colored line follows the same 43 journals across 2023–2025, so the change is not caused by new journals joining.
Shared editors and citations
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How to read this
- Answers
- Do journals that share editorial-board members cite each other more?
- How to read
- Every pair of journals is put in one of three groups: no shared board members, one or two, or three or more. The bars show how many citations a pair exchanges on average. Board lists come from the journals' own web pages (70 journals with both board and citation data); no person is named.
Journals of state Islamic universities and the rest
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How to read this
- Answers
- Do the journals of state Islamic universities (UIN, IAIN: PTKIN) behave differently from the other law journals?
- How to read
- Each row compares the two groups. "Cites its own group" counts citations between journals in the list only.
In what language are the cited works?
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How to read this
- Answers
- When these journals cite, do they cite work written in Indonesian or in English, and is that changing?
- How to read
- Each bar is all references in articles published that year, split by the language of the reference. Language is guessed from common words in each reference (for example "hukum", "dan", "terhadap" for Indonesian; "the", "of", "law" for English), so it is approximate. "Other or unclear" includes Arabic and short references with too few words to tell.
Do the articles follow a template?
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How to read this
- Answers
- Are articles in these journals written to a common pattern, and is that pattern found in journals of the large university presses?
- How to read
- Each pair of bars is one feature. Rust is the share of Indonesian articles that show it, dark is the share in ten university-press journals (Oxford, Cambridge and others). The first five rows come from English abstracts; the last from section headings of the full text.
- Keep in mind
- Features are found by matching word patterns ("this study aims to", "the results show", "normative juridical"), not by a person reading each abstract. Headings cover 89 Indonesian articles from 51 journals, because many sites refused access to full texts. Abstracts: up to 40 per journal, 2022 to 2025.
Each row of 20 dots is one feature of an abstract; each dot is 5% of abstracts.
Who pays to publish: author fees
Most of the journals are free to read online, and most charge the author. Of the 87, 51 state an article processing charge, payable on acceptance; 23 charge nothing to authors or readers; for 13 we found no clear statement. The median fee is Rp 5 million (about USD 300); the highest are USD 1,000–1,500. Applied to the 1,973 documents the journals published in 2025, the fees add up to roughly Rp 7–9 billion (USD 450,000–570,000) a year. Three journals take about a quarter of that. Ministries and universities, in turn, pay authors for each Scopus article, up to Rp 40 million from the Ministry of Religious Affairs, often more than the fee itself. A plausible reading, not tested here, is that public money pays for much of this market.
How to read this
- Answers
- How many of the journals charge authors, how much, and roughly what the fees add up to?
- How to read
- The first bars count journals by what they charge. The second compare two estimates of the fees paid in 2025: the low one uses each journal's domestic rate and counts the 13 unknown journals as free; the high one uses the foreign-author rate where there is one and gives the unknown journals the median fee.
- Keep in mind
- Fees were read on each journal's own site on 15 November 2026 (DOAJ where the site could not be reached). Waivers, unpaid items such as editorials, and paid extras such as proofreading or translation are not modelled. Rp 16,300 = USD 1. The award figures come from published regulations and university decrees; how many authors receive them is not known.
87 LAW JOURNALS
Low: domestic rates, unknown fees counted as zero. High: foreign-author rates, unknown journals at the median. Waivers, proofreading and fast-track charges not modelled.
A second index for comparison: Web of Science
Web of Science barely sees these journals. Of the 87 journals in SCImago's Law list, only 2 are in the Web of Science Core Collection, both in its Emerging Sources Citation Index: Jurnal Ilmiah Peuradeun (468 records) and Indonesia Law Review (291). Indonesia is nonetheless entering this index too. Law publications with an author in Indonesia rose from 88 in 2022 to 201 in 2025, and 2026 has already passed that (202), above the earlier peak of 2018 (190). Two thirds of the 1,733 such publications are in the Emerging Sources index; 153 are in the Social Sciences Citation Index.
How to read this
- Answers
- Does the second large citation index tell the same story as Scopus?
- How to read
- Each bar is one year: the number of publications in the Web of Science category Law with at least one author address in Indonesia, in any journal, book or proceedings, Indonesian or not. *2026 is a partial year.
- Keep in mind
- Web of Science is used here only for comparison. Counts were taken on 15 November 2026 and change as records are added.
Why Scopus rather than Web of Science? Plausible reasons
- The rankings
- QS moved its citation data from Thomson Reuters (now Clarivate) to Scopus after 2007, and THE did the same in 2015, citing “Scopus’ wider reach”: more journals, and more papers in languages other than English (THE, 2015).
- The incentives
- Indonesia's own scores are built on Scopus. SINTA scores lecturers by Scopus quartile and counts Scopus citations, journal accreditation treats Scopus indexing as equal to SINTA 1, and many university payments are set by Scopus quartile (see the timeline). Where a rule also accepts Web of Science, it asks for a Journal Impact Factor (at least 0.05 under the 2019 promotion guidelines). Journals in the Emerging Sources index, the usual entry point, received impact factors only from 2023 and quartiles only from 2024 (Clarivate, 2023). For an Indonesian journal, a place in Web of Science long brought little that a place in Scopus did not already bring.
- The assessment
- Web of Science journals are judged by Clarivate's in-house editors against 28 criteria. A journal that meets the 24 quality criteria enters the Emerging Sources index; only one that also meets the 4 citation-based impact criteria reaches the Social Sciences Citation Index, and a rejected journal waits at least two years before it may try again (Clarivate, 2019). Scopus titles are judged by an external board of subject experts on five broader areas, among them an English-language homepage and citedness in Scopus itself (Elsevier).
- Keep in mind
- These reasons are inferred from the rules and the indexes' own descriptions. The page does not test them.
Conference papers and books, in both indexes
In Scopus, the conversation around these journals runs almost entirely through journals. Of the 21,972 documents that cite them, 433 (2.0%) are conference papers and about 314 (1.4%) are books, chapters or book series. Who writes them differs by type. Of the 307 conference papers Scopus could match by DOI, 223 have an author in Indonesia, led by Universitas Muhammadiyah Yogyakarta (37), Binus (16) and Diponegoro (14). The books and chapters come mostly from elsewhere: of 237, only 43 have an author in Indonesia, fewer than India (54), with Malaysia (31) third. By name, about 43% of the conference papers and 29% of the books have an author who has also published in the listed journals. In Web of Science the picture is different. Of the 1,733 law publications with an author in Indonesia, 273 (16%) are conference papers and 156 (9%) are books or chapters, many of them proceedings of conferences held in Indonesia, such as the International Conference on Indonesian Legal Studies (2018, 2019), and 64% of them published by Atlantis Press. The books run the other way: Routledge (72) and Cambridge University Press (33) publish two thirds of them, and co-authors abroad are common (Australia 18, the US 11). The two listed journals that Web of Science covers are cited mostly by journals: 18 of their 831 citing documents are conference papers and 18 are books.
How to read this
- Answers
- How much of the citation traffic runs through conference proceedings and books rather than journals, in Scopus and in Web of Science?
- How to read
- The first group shows the documents in Scopus that cite the listed journals. The second shows Indonesian law publications in Web of Science by the index that holds them.
- Keep in mind
- Scopus citing documents are typed by matching their source to Scopus's own source and conference lists and by DOI patterns; about 113 unmatched items, mostly edited books, are counted with books. Web of Science figures come from its own indexes (Conference Proceedings and Book Citation Indexes), counted on 15 November 2026.
Scopus: documents citing the listed journals
Web of Science: law publications with an author in Indonesia
Who writes them
| Set | Author countries | Leading affiliations | Also publish in the listed journals (by name) |
|---|---|---|---|
| Scopus conference papers citing the journals (307) | Indonesia 223, Malaysia 31, India 18, China 15 | UMY 37, Binus 16, Undip 14, BRIN 13, UGM 9 | about 43% |
| Scopus books and chapters citing the journals (237) | India 54, Indonesia 43, Malaysia 31, US 16, Nigeria 12 | IIUM 8, OP Jindal 7, Amity 6, UBD 5, USIM 5 | about 29% |
| WoS conference papers, Indonesian authors, Law (265) | co-authors abroad in under 4% | UNNES 48, Airlangga 27, UI 23, UIN Jakarta 21 | not checked |
| WoS books and chapters, Indonesian authors, Law (154) | co-authors: Australia 18, US 11, Netherlands 6 | UI 14, UIN Samarinda 9, Ibn Khaldun 8, ANU 7 | not checked |
Scopus rows: the 563 citing items matched by DOI, read from Scopus's own author records. "Also publish" matches author surnames and initials against the listed journals' 2022–2025 authors, so common names overcount it. WoS rows: Analyze Results, 15 November 2026.
What Web of Science does not see
Because 85 of the 87 journals are not indexed in Web of Science, the conversation they carry is mostly invisible there. Take seven of the most cited (Samarah, El-Usrah, Ijtihad, Al-Ihkam, Al-Manahij, Volksgeist and El-Mashlahah). Scopus records 6,036 documents citing them in their latest four-year windows. Web of Science finds 538 documents that cite them, across 2018–2026, and those citations count for no journal, since the cited journals have no record there. Two thirds of the 538 come from Indonesia and a fifth from Malaysia; the largest single source is Jurnal Ilmiah Peuradeun, one of the two listed journals that Web of Science does cover (116). Seen from Web of Science, Indonesian law scholarship appears through a few doors: two journals, conference proceedings, and foreign journals that Indonesian authors publish in.
How to read this
- Answers
- When most of the journals are outside Web of Science, what of their citation traffic does that index still record, and from where?
- How to read
- The bars compare the documents citing the seven journals in each index. The country list shows where the Web of Science citing documents come from (a document with authors in two countries counts for both).
- Keep in mind
- Web of Science counts come from its cited-reference search (cited work names and spelling variants, cited years 2018–2026); one stray match was found and the count may be slightly high or low. The Scopus count uses each journal's CiteScore window, so the periods are similar but not the same.
Web of Science documents citing the seven journals, by country
Method and data
The page reads citations as a surface: a record of who mentions whom, taken as it stands. It counts that surface in two directions, compares it with other journals and countries, and leaves the reasons behind it open.
The data
- The journals
- The 87 Indonesian journals in SCImago's 2025 Law list (subject category 3308), with their quartiles. 85 are analyzed in full: one has no Scopus export and one is outside the open-access scope.
- Incoming citations
- Scopus's "citing documents" export for each journal, covering its latest CiteScore window: 21,972 citing rows in all. Each row is one document that cites the journal, with its source title, year and DOI.
- Outgoing references
- Scopus's export of the 7,046 documents the journals published in 2022–2025, with their reference lists: about 290,000 references.
- Publishers and subjects
- Scopus's own source list (October 2026), which gives each indexed journal's publisher and subject codes.
- Countries
- SCImago's 2025 Law rankings, read country by country (72 countries so far), for the number of law journals and their quartiles.
- Editorial boards
- Board lists from the journals' own web pages (70 journals), used only to count shared members between pairs of journals.
- Abstracts and headings
- Up to 40 English abstracts per journal from 2022–2025 (2,963 in all), chosen in a fixed pseudo-random order from Crossref and matched to Scopus, plus section headings of 89 full texts. The comparison set is 199 abstracts and 18 full texts from ten journals of Cambridge, Oxford and other university presses.
- Author fees
- The fee page of each of the 87 journals, read on 15 November 2026, with DOAJ records where a site could not be reached; article counts per journal from SCImago 2025. "No fee" means free to read and free to publish (often called diamond open access).
- Web of Science (comparison only)
- Searches of the Web of Science Core Collection, all editions, made through a university subscription on 15 November 2026: the 87 journals by ISSN, and all law publications (Web of Science category Law) with an author address in Indonesia.
- Rules
- The timeline uses the published texts of ministry regulations and decrees, quoted from the documents themselves.
How the analysis works
- Two directions
- Every journal is looked at twice: as a receiver (who cites it) and as a giver (whom it cites). Most of the page sets the two side by side, because one direction alone says little about a dialogue.
- Placing a venue
- Each citing or cited venue is placed in a group (listed journal, other Indonesian venue, Global South, Northern journal, and so on) by its title, DOI prefix and Scopus record. Where these give no answer, the venue is left as "unclear" and not guessed.
- Counting
- The unit is a citation: one document mentioning one journal. Self-citations are left out of the exchanges between journals. Shares are taken of all rows that could be placed, and the counts behind each share are shown on hover.
- Comparing
- Indonesian figures are set against a yardstick: other countries in the same SCImago list, journals of Western university presses, or the same journals in an earlier year. A number is read only beside its comparison.
- Reading texts
- Template features are found by matching word patterns in abstracts and headings ("this study aims to", "the results show", "normative juridical"), the same way for both sets of journals.
How to interpret the figures
- What a citation shows
- A citation is a trace that one text was mentioned in another. It does not measure quality, influence or agreement, and it does not show who read a work without citing it.
- Patterns, not motives
- The page describes how citations are distributed. It does not say why. Words such as "net receiver" and "net giver" describe a balance, and are not a verdict on any journal.
- Asymmetry
- When the journals cite a group often and the group rarely cites them back, the page calls the exchange asymmetric, or one-way. This is a fact about the two counts, read together.
- What Scopus cannot see
- Books, laws, court decisions and journals outside Scopus are only partly visible, so the page shows the indexed part of legal scholarship, the part that rankings and promotion rules count.
- Approximate numbers
- Venue country, reference language and template features are classified by rules, not read by hand, so small differences should not be pressed. The large gaps (for example 6,868 citations to university-press journals against 14 back) are well beyond what such errors could produce.
- Countries
- SCImago assigns a journal to the country of its publisher, so the large hubs (the United States, the United Kingdom, the Netherlands) include journals edited elsewhere. The country comparison therefore sets them apart.
Every journal analyzed
Show the table
Click a column heading to sort. The quartile filter above applies here too.
How to read this
- Answers
- What are the exact figures for any one journal?
- How to read
- Each row is one journal. Sort by any column; for example, sort by Net to see the largest receivers and givers.
| Journal | Quartile | Citing rows | % from Indonesian venues | Received | Given | Net | Received ÷ given |
|---|
Indicators and formulas
Show the indicators and formulas
(citing rows from Indonesian venues) ÷ (all citing rows) × 100. Indonesian venues are the listed law journals plus other Indonesian journals and proceedings, identified by title and DOI prefix.number of citing rows in A's export whose source is another listed journal. A journal citing itself is not counted.number of times A appears as the citing source in the other listed journals' exports.Received − Given. Above zero: a net receiver. Below zero: a net giver.Received ÷ Given. 1 means balance; 2 means a journal receives twice what it gives.(citing rows from a venue group) ÷ (21,972 citing rows across 85 journals) × 100. Venue country is classified from DOI prefix and title keywords, so it is approximate.number of citing rows in A's export whose source is B. Self-citations are left out. Lines from outside groups count the rows in each venue group (see Venue share).citations it gives to listed journals ≥ 10 and citations it receives from listed journals ≥ 10. Giving is taken from the citing-documents exports; receiving from the reference lists.Limits: Juris has no export and IJICL is outside the open-access scope, so 85 of 87 journals are analyzed; Mawaddah appears in the venue figures only. Outgoing references cover 2022–2025, while incoming citations use each journal's CiteScore window, so the two sides cover similar but not identical years. About a quarter of references are laws, web pages or incomplete entries that cannot be placed. The data show patterns of citation, not the reasons for them.